一、改革的基本思路

　　1、 Basic ideas for reform

　　1、要进一步明确国有林场的发展方向和目标。国家投资设立国有林场的目的是大力造林、育林，加快森林资源培育，以保护和经营管理森林资源为根本任务。在全面实施以生态建设为主的林业发展战略，大力推进现代林业建设的新时期，必须对国有林场发展方向和目标进行重新定位，也就是要集中精力把培育扩大森林资源作为根本任务。要采取多种方式加快造林绿化进程,加强森林资源保护,强化经营措施，不断提高森林资源质量。

　　1. We need to further clarify the development direction and goals of state-owned forest farms. The purpose of national investment in establishing state-owned forest farms is to vigorously promote afforestation and forest cultivation, accelerate the cultivation of forest resources, and take the protection and management of forest resources as the fundamental task. In the new era of fully implementing the forestry development strategy with ecological construction as the main focus and vigorously promoting modern forestry construction, it is necessary to reposition the development direction and goals of state-owned forest farms, that is, to focus on cultivating and expanding forest resources as the fundamental task. We need to adopt various methods to accelerate the afforestation and greening process, strengthen forest resource protection, enhance management measures, and continuously improve the quality of forest resources.

　　2、是要改革管理体制，完善相关配套政策。国有林场实行了近20年的事业单位、企业化管理、自收自支的管理体制，已不符合新时期林业发展的要求，必须从根本上进行改革。要按照市场经济条件下，社会公益性事业主要由政府负责、商品经营性活动主要由市场运作的职能分工，把国有林场承担的社会公益事业和以获取经济效益为目的的商品经营性活动相对分离开来，使以承担生态建设这一公益事业为主要任务的国有林场纳入政府管理的范畴，其建设所需投入主要由政府财政负责，为社会公益事业的发展提供保障；使以商品经营性活动为主要任务的国有林场以及场办经营性项目，按照市场经济的要求进行运作，给予更灵活的政策，让其在市场竞争中求得更好的发展。

　　2. We need to reform the management system and improve relevant supporting policies. The state-owned forest farms have implemented a management system of public institutions, enterprise management, and self financing for nearly 20 years, which no longer meets the requirements of forestry development in the new era and must be fundamentally reformed. Under the conditions of a market economy, social public welfare undertakings are mainly undertaken by the government, while commodity business activities are mainly operated by the market. The social public welfare undertakings undertaken by state-owned forest farms should be relatively separated from commodity business activities aimed at obtaining economic benefits. State owned forest farms, whose main task is to undertake ecological construction as a public welfare undertaking, should be included in the scope of government management. The investment required for their construction should be mainly borne by government finance, providing guarantees for the development of social public welfare undertakings; State owned forest farms and operational projects that focus on commercial activities should operate in accordance with the requirements of the market economy, and be given more flexible policies to achieve better development in market competition.

　　3、是要建立符合市场经济要求和国有林场特点的运行机制。要彻底改变国有林场管理机构庞大，供养固定职工多，管理成本高，经济负担沉重的现状，变国家出钱养人为国家出钱办事。生态公益型林场要按照所承担的任务和管理的难易程度，合理核定事业编制。用人上全面推行聘用制和岗位责任制，林业生产性活动通过多种形式由社会力量来完成，商品经营性活动面向市场经营。

　　3. It is necessary to establish an operational mechanism that meets the requirements of a market economy and the characteristics of state-owned forest farms. We need to completely change the current situation of state-owned forest farm management institutions being huge, supporting a large number of fixed employees, high management costs, and heavy economic burdens, and turn the state into a provider of funds for the state to handle affairs. Ecological public welfare forest farms should reasonably determine their staffing levels based on the tasks they undertake and the difficulty of management. We will comprehensively implement the employment system and job responsibility system in terms of personnel, and forestry production activities will be completed by social forces through various forms, while commodity management activities will be market-oriented.

　　二、改革的主要任务

　　2、 The main task of reform

　　国有林场的综合配套改革，主要涉及管理体制和经营机制两个方面。

　　The comprehensive supporting reform of state-owned forest farms mainly involves two aspects: management system and operating mechanism.

　　在管理体制方面：

　　In terms of management system:

　　1、是界定两类林场，明确各自的性质和相关政策。将生态区位重要、以公益林营造和管理为主要任务、主要发挥生态效益、为国家和社会提供生态产品的林场界定为生态公益型林场，按公益事业单位管理；将自然条件较好、以商品林和其他产业经营为主要任务、主要发挥经济效益、为国家和社会提供物质产品的林场界定为商品经营型林场，逐步推行企业化管理。

　　1. It is to define two types of forest farms, clarify their respective nature and related policies. Forest farms that have important ecological locations, focus on the construction and management of public welfare forests, mainly play an ecological role, and provide ecological products for the country and society are defined as ecological public welfare forest farms, managed as public welfare institutions; Forest farms with good natural conditions, mainly engaged in commercial forest and other industrial operations, mainly exerting economic benefits, and providing material products for the country and society are defined as commercial forest farms, and enterprise management is gradually promoted.

　　2、是生态公益型林场要根据事业发展的需要，按照“精简、效率”的原则，重新核定事业编制，其人员经费和机构经费纳入同级人民政府财政预算。

　　2. Ecological public welfare forest farms should re evaluate their staffing based on the needs of their development, following the principles of "streamlining and efficiency". Their personnel and institutional funds should be included in the financial budget of the same level government.

　　3、是对于森林管护人员，与林场订立劳动合同，通过政府购买服务或产品等方式，加大对生态公益型林场的投入力度。

　　3. It is for forest management personnel to sign labor contracts with forest farms and increase investment in ecological public welfare forest farms through government purchases of services or products.

　　在经营机制方面：

　　In terms of business mechanism:

　　1、是生态公益型林场要建立以聘用制为基础的用人制度。商品经营型林场的劳动人事制度，可以参照国家对企业的有关法律法规执行。

　　1. Ecological public welfare forest farms need to establish a personnel system based on the employment system. The labor and personnel system of commodity operated forest farms can be implemented in accordance with relevant laws and regulations of the state for enterprises.

　　2、是生态公益型林场的各类商品经营性活动和产业开发项目，都要按市场机制运作，组建独立法人实体经营。国有林场的造林、抚育、森林采伐以及其他生产性活动，要引入市场机制，采取承包或向社会招标等形式进行

　　2. All types of commercial activities and industrial development projects of ecological public welfare forest farms must operate according to market mechanisms and establish independent legal entities for operation. The afforestation, nurturing, forest logging, and other productive activities of state-owned forest farms should introduce market mechanisms and adopt forms such as contracting or bidding to the society

　　3、是生态公益型林场范围内各种资源的开发利用和产业发展，按照“公开、公正、公平”的原则，通过招投标的方式，采取面向市场的办法进行。

　　3. The development and utilization of various resources and industrial development within the scope of ecological public welfare forest farms are carried out in accordance with the principles of "openness, fairness, and impartiality" through bidding and market-oriented methods.

　　三、改革的保障措施

　　3、 Guarantee measures for reform

　　为了确保国有林场改革的顺利实施，切实把各项改革政策落到实处，真正实现改革的目标，必须认真解决好以下几个方面的问题：

　　In order to ensure the smooth implementation of the reform of state-owned forest farms, effectively implement various reform policies, and truly achieve the goals of reform, it is necessary to seriously solve the following problems:

　　1、是要妥善安置国有林场职工。生态公益型林场除纳入事业编制的人员外，其余人员要通过长期聘用森林管护人员、利用林场现有经营性项目转为企业职工、内部退养、领取一次性安置费后自谋职业等多种途径进行妥善安置。

　　1. It is necessary to properly arrange the employment of state-owned forest farm workers. Except for personnel included in the establishment of public welfare forest farms, other personnel in ecological public welfare forest farms should be properly resettled through various means such as long-term employment of forest management and protection personnel, conversion of existing business projects into enterprise employees, internal retirement, and self employment after receiving one-time resettlement fees.

　　2、是解决好国有林场职工社会保险问题。需要分门别类制定具体政策，解决不同类别职工参加养老、医疗等社会保险问题，解除职工的后顾之忧。

　　2. It is to solve the problem of social insurance for employees of state-owned forest farms. Specific policies need to be formulated according to different categories to address the issue of different types of employees participating in social insurance such as pension and medical care, and to relieve their worries.

　　3、是解决国有林场积累的债务问题。要在深入调查研究的基础上，提出解决国有林场各类债务的具体政策，为国有林场发展创造宽松的环境。

　　3. It is to solve the debt problem accumulated by state-owned forest farms. On the basis of in-depth investigation and research, specific policies should be proposed to solve various debts of state-owned forest farms, creating a relaxed environment for the development of state-owned forest farms.

　　4、是切实解决国有林场建设投入问题。要通过制定具体政策，把国有林场的各类基础设施建设以及营造林、森林防火、病虫害防治等投入，逐步纳入国民经济和社会发展计划和社会主义新农村建设规划，加大扶持力度，为国有林场稳定健康发展提供保障。

　　4. It is a practical solution to the problem of investment in the construction of state-owned forest farms. We need to gradually incorporate various infrastructure construction, afforestation, forest fire prevention, pest control and other investments in state-owned forest farms into the national economic and social development plan and the socialist new rural construction plan through the formulation of specific policies, increase support, and provide guarantees for the stable and healthy development of state-owned forest farms.

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